Bitcoin Timelocks: Absolute vs Relative Lock Mechanisms
OP_CLTV and OP_CSV enforce time against different clocks. Conflating them breaks scripts at consensus level, here is the exact distinction.
№ 002BitcoinBitcoin Locktime and Sequence Numbers Explained
How Bitcoin's locktime field and sequence numbers combine to create relative timelocks. The mechanics, a worked example, and one common misconception.