Bitcoin Miniscript: Complex Spending Conditions Explained
Miniscript compiles human-readable Bitcoin spending policies into verifiable, non-malleable Script, concrete mechanism and a worked treasury example inside.
№ 002BitcoinBitcoin Covenant Proposals: Security Assumptions Compared
CTV, CSFS, APO, and CAT rest on structurally different trust models. A mechanical breakdown of what actually separates them, and why it matters.
№ 003BitcoinBitcoin Script and Recursive Covenants: The Opcode Gap
Bitcoin Script cannot inspect its own outputs, making recursive covenants impossible today. The mechanics, the proposals, and the tradeoffs, examined plainly.
№ 004BitcoinBitcoin Locktime and Sequence Numbers Explained
How Bitcoin's locktime field and sequence numbers combine to create relative timelocks. The mechanics, a worked example, and one common misconception.
№ 005BitcoinBitcoin Script Cannot Read External Data
Bitcoin Script is a sealed execution environment with no I/O. This piece traces the exact mechanism, the design reasoning, and what DLCs build around it.
№ 006SecurityBitcoin Script Stack Evaluation: Order Creates Bugs
Bitcoin Script's stack-based execution order produces subtle, costly bugs in complex spending conditions, mechanics and a worked example examined.
№ 007BitcoinBitcoin's Script Version Byte and Soft Fork Upgrades
Bitcoin's one-byte witness version field lets soft forks add new spending rules without invalidating old wallets or splitting the chain.
№ 008BitcoinBitcoin Script Has No Loops: Security by Design
Bitcoin Script omits loops entirely, not as a limitation, but as a deliberate defense against Denial-of-Service attacks on every node in the network.
№ 009BitcoinHow Bitcoin Script Evaluates Multi-Condition Spending Paths
Bitcoin's Script interpreter walks a stack machine through every spending condition. Here's exactly how multi-path validation works, with a concrete example.