How Proof-of-Stake Validators Are Selected for Blocks
Proof-of-stake block proposer selection isn't random luck. Here's the precise mechanism that keeps it fair and resistant to centralization.
№ 062EthereumEthereum Account Abstraction: Smart Contract Wallet Security
Account abstraction rewrites Ethereum's security model for wallets. Here's what actually changes, what improves, and what new risks quietly appear.
№ 063EthereumEIP-1559 vs First-Price Auction Fee Markets Explained
How base fees, priority tips, and fee burning change gas pricing on EIP-1559 chains versus legacy first-price auctions. A clear mechanical breakdown.
№ 064EthereumEthereum Proof-of-Stake Finality Explained
Ethereum's PoS finality isn't instant. Here's the exact two-epoch mechanic that determines when a block is truly safe to treat as settled.
№ 065EthereumWhy Some Ethereum Smart Contracts Can't Be Upgraded
Proxy patterns let developers upgrade smart contracts, but certain design choices make upgrading impossible. Here's exactly why, with concrete mechanics.
№ 066EthereumEthereum Verkle Trees: Smaller Proofs, Lighter Nodes
Verkle trees shrink Ethereum state proofs from megabytes to kilobytes and could let nodes sync without storing the full chain. Here's how.
№ 067EthereumWhy Layer-2 Rollups Post Calldata to Ethereum
Rollups don't store state on Ethereum — they post calldata. Here's exactly why that choice saves 10-100x in gas and what it actually guarantees.
№ 068EthereumWhy Ethereum Validators Miss Attestations Without Ejection
Ethereum validators can skip attestation duties and keep their stake. Here's the exact penalty math and the threshold that actually gets you removed.
№ 069EthereumEthereum Beacon Chain Validator Slashing Explained
How Ethereum's Beacon Chain detects and punishes equivocation: the mechanics of slashing, whistleblower rewards, and the correlation penalty explained clearly.
№ 070EthereumWhy Ethereum Gas Prices Spike Unexpectedly
Block space can look half-empty yet gas prices still spike. Here's the precise mechanism behind Ethereum fee surges most guides never explain.
№ 071EthereumHow Ethereum's EIP Process Works: A Clear Guide
The EIP process filters Ethereum proposals through editors, champions, and community review before any core dev sees them. Here's exactly how it works.
№ 072EthereumLG and Arbitrum Build Blockchain Advertising Network
LG Electronics is building an Arbitrum-based ad network aimed at a $679B digital ad market. What the layer-2 play actually does, and what to watch.