Bitcoin Output Scripts and UTXO Set Growth Explained
P2PKH, P2SH, P2WPKH, and P2TR each leave a different footprint on Bitcoin's UTXO set, the tradeoffs affect every full node running today.
№ 074MiningPPS vs PPLNS Mining Pool Payouts Explained
PPS pays a fixed rate per share; PPLNS ties earnings to the last N shares. Learn which model suits which miner and why the math matters.
№ 075BitcoinBitcoin Locktime and Sequence Numbers Explained
How Bitcoin's locktime field and sequence numbers combine to create relative timelocks. The mechanics, a worked example, and one common misconception.
№ 076MiningBitcoin Nonce Grinding and the ASIC Clock Speed Plateau
ASIC clock speeds have stalled while SHA-256's sequential dependencies keep the per-hash cost floor stubbornly fixed, what that means for mining economics.
№ 077BitcoinBitcoin Dust: Why High-Fee Networks Create It Faster
Small UTXOs become unspendable dust when fees exceed their value. High-fee networks accelerate this faster than most people realise.
№ 078BitcoinBitcoin Script Cannot Read External Data
Bitcoin Script is a sealed execution environment with no I/O. This piece traces the exact mechanism, the design reasoning, and what DLCs build around it.
№ 079MiningMiner Fee Sniping: The Risk That Grows With Each Halving
Bitcoin's block subsidy suppresses fee sniping today. As it declines toward zero across successive halvings, the incentive math shifts, and the stakes rise.
№ 080SecurityBitcoin Script Stack Evaluation: Order Creates Bugs
Bitcoin Script's stack-based execution order produces subtle, costly bugs in complex spending conditions, mechanics and a worked example examined.
№ 081BitcoinBitcoin Mempool Replacement Policies Explained
Bitcoin nodes apply different replacement rules to the same transaction. The mechanics, tradeoffs, and practical fixes for a stuck or rejected bump.
№ 082MiningBitcoin Block Template Construction Explained
How miners pick which transactions fill a block, why fee rate alone doesn't decide it, and what dependency graphs actually do to your wait time.
№ 083BitcoinBitcoin Signet: Controlled Testing Without Testnet Chaos
Signet replaces proof-of-work with a signature check, giving Bitcoin developers stable block times and reproducible test conditions. The mechanism, examined.
№ 084MiningBitcoin Difficulty Epochs: Miner Strategy at the Boundary
Every 2,016 blocks, Bitcoin recalculates mining difficulty. That boundary reshapes miner behavior in the final stretch, the mechanics, the math, and the limits.