Ethereum Blob Pruning and Rollup Data Availability
Ethereum deletes blob data after ~18 days. What that means for rollup security, fraud proofs, and the assumptions baked into Layer 2 design.
№ 014EthereumEthereum's Blob Fee Market, Explained
Ethereum runs two separate fee markets simultaneously. Blob fees and base fees move independently, and that split is what keeps rollup costs low.
№ 015DeFiPlasma Mass Exit: The Mechanism When Data Is Withheld
A Plasma operator withholds block data and every user must race to exit. The exact mechanism, its structural limits, and what it reveals about Layer 2 security.
№ 016EthereumDecentralized Sequencers and Optimistic Rollup Trust
One company controls transaction ordering on most rollups today. Decentralized sequencers redistribute that power, and introduce tradeoffs worth understanding.
№ 017AnalysisRecursive STARK Proofs: Flat Verification Costs Explained
Recursive STARKs aggregate thousands of proofs into one fixed-cost verification. The mechanism, the trade-offs, and a worked example.
№ 018EthereumEthereum Gas Fees Explained: Why You Pay and How to Pay Less
Gas is what you pay to use Ethereum. Here's how it actually works, why fees jump, and the moves that cut your costs.
№ 019EthereumHow Optimistic Rollups Detect Fraud On-Chain
Optimistic rollups skip verifying every transaction. Here's the exact mechanism that catches cheaters anyway, with a worked example.
№ 020AnalysisRecursive zk-Proofs: Scalability Without Growing Costs
Recursive zk-proofs let blockchains batch thousands of transactions into one compact proof. Here's exactly how the math stays flat as volume grows.