Ethereum Casper FFG: Surround vs Double Votes Explained
Casper FFG defines two distinct slashing conditions with different attack surfaces. The mechanical difference between surround and double votes, with examples.
№ 002EthereumEthereum Penalties: Inactivity Leaks vs Slashing Explained
Ethereum punishes validators two very different ways, the mechanics behind inactivity leaks and slashing, and why the math matters for stakers.
№ 003EthereumEthereum Gasper Slashing: Attestation Rules and Penalties
Gasper punishes double voting and surround votes with scaled ETH penalties. The math, the failure modes, and why slashing protection databases matter.
№ 004EthereumEthereum Gasper: Proposer Slashing Explained
Gasper slashes validators who sign two blocks at the same slot. Mechanism, correlation penalty math, and a concrete worked example.
№ 005EthereumEthereum Validator Exit Queue and Slashing Explained
How Ethereum's exit queue and slashing penalties interact during withdrawal, the mechanics, the math, and what validators actually face.
№ 006EthereumEthereum Slashing Meets the Withdrawal Queue
When a slashing event hits a validator already in Ethereum's exit queue, two penalty timers run simultaneously. The math and mechanics, laid out plainly.
№ 007EthereumEthereum Beacon Chain Validator Slashing Explained
How Ethereum's Beacon Chain detects and punishes equivocation: the mechanics of slashing, whistleblower rewards, and the correlation penalty explained clearly.