Ethereum Storage Slots: Packed vs Unpacked Struct Gas Costs
How Solidity packs struct variables into 32-byte storage slots, why layout order determines your gas bill, and what the tradeoffs actually look like.
№ 002EthereumEthereum Precompiles Require Consensus Changes
Ethereum precompiles live in client code, not on-chain bytecode. Adding one splits the network unless every node upgrades at the same block height.
№ 003EthereumEthereum Storage Slot Packing and Gas Costs Explained
How Ethereum's 32-byte slot packing rules determine whether reading a struct costs 200 gas or 2,100. The mechanic, with worked examples.
№ 004EthereumEthereum State Reverts on Out-of-Gas Sub-Calls
A failed inner call reverts only its own frame, the outer transaction can still succeed. The mechanic, the 63/64 rule, and what silent failure costs you.
№ 005EthereumEthereum Transaction Reverts: Mechanics and Gas Costs
State rolls back cleanly on a revert, but gas does not. A precise breakdown of what the EVM discards, what it keeps, and who collects the fee.
№ 006EthereumEVM Object Format: Code and Data, Finally Separated
EOF gives Ethereum's bytecode a defined header, typed sections, and deploy-time validation. What the mechanics change, and what they don't.
№ 007EthereumEthereum Precompiles: How Crypto Operations Get Fast
Ethereum precompiles run heavy cryptographic work at fixed gas costs inside the client, not the EVM. Here's exactly how they work and why they matter.