Ethereum Verkle Trees vs Merkle Patricia Tries: Proof Size
Verkle trees compress Ethereum's witness proofs from megabytes to kilobytes, the mechanism, the numbers, and the tradeoffs that make stateless clients viable.
№ 002EthereumEthereum's Keccak-256 vs SHA-3: Same Sponge, Different Hash
Ethereum uses Keccak-256, not NIST SHA-3. Same sponge construction, different padding, different output, and the gap has broken real production tooling.
№ 003EthereumEthereum Verkle Trees: Witness Size for Stateless Clients
Verkle trees shrink Ethereum's cryptographic witnesses from megabytes to kilobytes, the mechanics of why that matters for stateless client verification.
№ 004EthereumCryptographic Accumulators and Stateless Clients
Cryptographic accumulators let blockchain clients verify transactions without storing full state, the mechanism, real tradeoffs, and decentralization stakes.
№ 005EthereumEthereum Precompiles: How Crypto Operations Get Fast
Ethereum precompiles run heavy cryptographic work at fixed gas costs inside the client, not the EVM. Here's exactly how they work and why they matter.